@article {13044,
	title = {Ambrosia beetles captured with ethanol traps in Irazu-yama National Forest, Kochi Prefecture},
	journal = {Shinrin Sogo Kenkyujo Kenkyu Hokoku},
	volume = {7},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	month = {December},
	pages = {183-185},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In order to elucidate the fauna of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) in natural forests of Shimanto River Basin of Kochi Prefecture, southwestern Japan, we captured them with ethanol traps from April to October 2007 in Irazu-yama National Forest, which is one of old-growth natural mixed forests of conifers and broad-leaved trees. As a result, 15 species of Scolytinae were recorded. The most abundant species was Xylosandrus germanus, followed by X. brevis, Scolytoplatypus tycon and S. mikado.},
	keywords = {Platypodinae, Scolytinae, Scolytoplatypus, Xylosandrus morigerus},
	isbn = {0916-4405},
	author = {Ito, Masaaki and Sato, Shigeho and Kawasaki, Yuuki and Kajimura, Hisashi}
}
@article {12624,
	title = {REPEATED EVOLUTION OF CROP THEFT IN FUNGUS-FARMING AMBROSIA BEETLES},
	journal = {Evolution},
	volume = {64},
	number = {11},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {3205-3212},
	abstract = {Ambrosia beetles, dominant wood degraders in the tropics, create tunnels in dead trees and employ gardens of symbiotic fungi to extract nutrients from wood. Specificity of the beetle-fungus relationship has rarely been examined, and simple vertical transmission of a specific fungal cultivar by each beetle species is often assumed in literature. We report repeated evolution of fungal crop stealing, termed mycocleptism, among ambrosia beetles. The mycocleptic species seek brood galleries of other species, and exploit their established fungal gardens by tunneling through the ambient mycelium-laden wood. Instead of carrying their own fungal sybmbionts, mycocleptae depend on adopting the fungal assemblages of their host species, as shown by an analysis of fungal DNA from beetle galleries. The evidence for widespread horizontal exchange of fungi between beetles challenges the traditional concept of ambrosia fungi as species-specific symbionts. Fungus stealing appears to be an evolutionarily successful strategy. It evolved independently in several beetle clades, two of which have radiated, and at least one case was accompanied by a loss of the beetles{\textquoteright} fungus-transporting organs. We demonstrate this using the first robust phylogeny of one of the world{\textquoteright}s largest group of ambrosia beetles, Xyleborini.},
	keywords = {Xyleborini},
	isbn = {0014-3820},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {12625,
	title = {Cladistic review of generic taxonomic characters in Xyleborina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Systematic Entomology},
	volume = {32},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {July},
	pages = {568-584},
	abstract = {A cladistic analysis of morphological characters of the subtribe Xyleborina (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is presented. An examination of individual characters revealed little phylogenetic information in many characters currently used for delimiting genera. Phylogenetically stable characters were used for the evaluation of the contemporary generic concept. The following genera have been recovered as monophyletic: Cnestus, Dryocoetoides, Eccoptopterus, Xylosandrus, Schedlia, Sampsonius and Taurodemus. The following genera have been found to be polyphyletic: Amasa, Ambrosiodmus, Arixyleborus, Coptoborus, Coptodryas, Cryptoxyleborus, Cyclorhipidion, Euwallacea, Leptoxyleborus, Taphrodasus, Theoborus, Webbia, Xyleborinus and Xyleborus. The analysis permitted the resurrection of four genera: Anisandrus, Microperus, Pseudowebbia and Streptocranus. A number of new combinations at specific level are given: Anisandrus cornutus (Schaufuss, 1891), A. dispar (Fabricius, 1792), A. eggersi (Beeson, 1930), A. improbus (Sampson, 1913), A. longidens (Eggers, 1930), A. maiche Stark, 1936, A. obesus (LeConte, 1868), A. sayi Hopkins, 1915, A. apicalis (Blandford, 1894), A. hirtus (Hagedorn, 1904), Microperus myristicae (Schedl, 1939), M. eucalypticus (Schedl, 1938), M. huangi (Browne, 1983), M. intermedius (Eggers, 1923), M. kadoyamaensis (Murayama, 1934), Pseudowebbia armifer (Schedl, 1942), P. seriata Browne, 1963, P. squamatilis (Schedl, 1955), P. trepanicauda (Eggers, 1923), P. curvatus (Browne, 1986), Streptocranus bicolor Browne, 1949, S. bicuspis (Eggers, 1940), S. capucinulus (Schedl, 1942), S. forficatus (Schedl, 1957), S. fragilis Browne, 1949, S. longicauda Browne, 1960, S. longispinis Browne, 1986, S. mirabilis Schedl, 1939, S. usagaricus (Eggers, 1922), S. sexdentatus (Eggers, 1940). The characters most useful for generic-level taxonomy of Xyleborina were identified and their states refined and illustrated. An accompanying illustrated multiple-entry electronic key for the updated xyleborine classification has been published on-line at www.scolytid.msu.edu.},
	keywords = {Amasa, Ambrosiodmus, Anisandrus, Anisandrus  dispar, Anisandrus apicalis, Anisandrus eggersi, Anisandrus hirtus, Anisandrus improbus, Anisandrus longidens, Anisandrus maiche, Anisandrus obesus, Anisandrus sayi, Arixyleborus, Cnestus, Coptoborus, Coptodryas, Cryptoxyleborus, Cyclorhipidion, Dryocoetoides, Eccoptopterus, Euwallacea, Leptoxyleborus, Microperus, Microperus eucalypticus, Microperus huangi, Microperus intermedius, Microperus kadoyamaensis, Microperus myristicae, Pseudowebbia, Pseudowebbia armifer, Pseudowebbia curvatus, Pseudowebbia seriata, Pseudowebbia squamatilis, Pseudowebbia trepanicauda, Sampsonius, Schedlia, Streptocranus, Streptocranus bicolor, Streptocranus bicuspis, Streptocranus capucinulus, Streptocranus forficatus, Streptocranus fragilis, Streptocranus longicauda, Streptocranus longispinis, Streptocranus mirabilis, Streptocranus sexdentatus, Streptocranus usagaricus, Taphrodasus, Taurodemus, Theoborus, Webbia, Xyleborina, Xyleborinus, Xyleborus, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {0307-6970},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Dole, Stephanie A. and Beaver, Roger A. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {12593,
	title = {New genera of Palaeotropical Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) based on congruence between morphological and molecular characters},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {2717},
	year = {2010},
	month = {8 Dec},
	pages = {1-33},
	abstract = {As part of an ongoing genus-level revision of Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae), we combined a recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of the tribe (Cognato et al., 2011) with extensive analysis of morphological characters (over 44,000 representatives of 281 putative species of Xyleborini examined, including 264 types). For the first time, an operational species concept of Xyleborini is explicitly addressed. The following new genera are proposed: Debus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n. Fortiborus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n. Planiculus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n. Truncaudum Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n. Wallacellus Hulcr and Cognato, gen. n. Thirty one new combinations and 29 synonymies are given. Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum (Eichhoff), comb. n. Cyclorhipidion sus (Schedl), comb. n. Debus adusticollis (Motschulsky), comb. n. Debus emarginatus (Eichhoff), comb. n. Debus fallax (Eichhoff), comb. n. (=Xyleborus fastigatus Schedl, syn. n.) Debus pseudocylindricus (Eggers) comb. n. Debus pumilus (Eggers), comb. n. (=Xyleborus ipidia Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus cylindricus Eggers, syn. n.) Debus spinicornis (Schedl), comb. n. Euwallacea funereus (Lea), comb. n. Fortiborus anisopterae (Browne), comb. n. Fortiborus indigens (Schedl), comb. n. Fortiborus major (Stebbing), comb. n. (=Xyleborus siclus Schedl syn. n.) Fortiborus pilifer (Eggers), comb. n.(= Xyleborus pseudopilifer Schedl, syn. n.) Fortiborus sulcinoides (Schedl), comb. n. Microperus diversicolor (Eggers), comb. n. (Coptodryas atava (Schedl), syn. n., =Microperus myristicae (Schedl) syn. n.) Microperus intermedius (Eggers), comb. n. (=Coptodryas nitella (Browne), syn. n.) Microperus parvus (Lea), comb. n. (=Coptodryas libra (Eggers), syn. n., =Coptodryas pubipennis (Schedl), syn. n.) Microperus pometianus (Schedl), comb. n. Planiculus aries (Schedl), comb. n. Planiculus bicolor (Blandford), comb. n. (=Euwallacea filiformis (Schedl), syn. n., =Euwallacea laevis (Eggers), syn. n., =Euwallacea tumidus (Schedl), syn. n., =Xyleborus glabratulus Browne, syn. n.) Planiculus immersus (Schedl), comb. n. (=Xyleborus hashimotoi Browne, syn. n.) Planiculus limatus (Schedl), comb. n. (=Euwallacea subemarginatus (Eggers), syn. n., Euwallacea subparallelus (Eggers), syn. n.) Truncaudum agnatum (Eggers), comb. n. (=Cyclorhipidion delicatum (Schedl), syn. n., =Cyclorhipidion subagnatum Wood, syn. n., =Xyleborus gratiosus Schedl, syn. n.) Truncaudum impexum (Schedl), comb. n. (=Xyleborus dentatulus Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus circumspinosus Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus falcarius Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus subdentatulus Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus vernaculus Schedl, syn. n., =Xyleborus putputensis Browne, syn. n.) Truncaudum longior (Eggers), comb. n. (=Xyleborus canarivorus Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus protii Browne, syn. n., =Xyleborus viaticus Schedl, syn. n.) Wallacellus piceus (Motschulsky), comb. n. Zootaxa NEW GENERA OF XYLEBORINI 2717 [copyright] 2010 Magnolia Press [center dot] 3 Wallacellus similis (Ferrari), comb. n. Wallacellus striatulus (Browne), comb. n. The following species are given new status: Cyclorhipidion perlaetum (Schedl), resurrected replacement name Xyleborus judenkoi (Schedl), resurrected name. We confirm the generic status of Cyclorhipidion californicum (Wood), comb. n.},
	keywords = {Cyclorhipidion californicum, Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum, Cyclorhipidion perlaetum, Cyclorhipidion sus, Debus, Debus adusticollis, Debus emarginatus, Debus fallax, Debus pseudocylindricus, Debus pumilus, Debus spinicornis, Euwallacea funereus, Fortiborus, Fortiborus anisopterae, Fortiborus indigens, Fortiborus major, Fortiborus pilifer, Fortiborus sulcinoides, Microperus diversicolor, Microperus intermedius, Microperus parvus, Microperus pometianus, Planiculus, Planiculus aries, Planiculus bicolor, Planiculus immersus, Planiculus limatus, Truncaudum, Truncaudum agnatum, Truncaudum impexum, Truncaudum longior, Wallacellus, Wallacellus piceus, Wallacellus striatulus, Xyleborini, Xyleborus judenkoi},
	isbn = {1175-5326; 1175-5334},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri and Cognato, A.I.}
}
@article {12380,
	title = {Xyleborus seriatus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), an Asian ambrosia beetle new to North America},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington},
	volume = {110},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {April},
	pages = {470-476},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Xyleborus seriatus Blandford, an ambrosia beetle described from Japan, is reported for the first time from North America, based on specimens examined from Massachusetts. A re-description and diagnosis of the adult female, a summary of known distribution and biology, a revision to an existing key to North American xyleborine species to include this newly detected immigrant, and photographs of the adult habitus and other diagnostic morphological features are presented.},
	keywords = {Xyleborina, Xyleborus, Xyleborus seriatus},
	isbn = {0013-8797},
	author = {Hoebeke, E. Richard and Rabaglia, Robert J.}
}
@article {10743,
	title = {Polyphyly of Xylosandrus Reitter inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial genes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {54},
	number = {3},
	year = {2010},
	month = {March},
	pages = {773-782},
	abstract = {The Xyleborina ambrosia beetle genus Xylosandrus contains 54 species, several of which are of economic importance. The monophyly of the genus was tested using a data set comprised of multiple gene loci: 28S rDNA; the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase 1[alpha] (CO1); and the nuclear genes arginine kinase (ArgK), rudimentary (CAD), and Elongation Factor 1[alpha] (EF-1[alpha]). The nuclear protem-coding genes CAD and ArgK were used for the first time in phylogenetics of Scolytinae. Analyses were performed using Parsimony and Bayesian optimality criteria. Our analyses included 43 specimens representing 15 Xylosandrus species and 20 species from Amasa, Anisandrus, Cnestuts, Euwallacea and Xyleborus, and two species from the out-group genus Coccotrypes. All analyses recovered a polyphyletic Xylosandrus. Several species of Xylosandrus were consistently placed in clades with the genera Anisandrus and Cnestus with high Support values (100\% bootstrap support). Among these, was the economically important invasive species X. mutilatus, which was consistently recovered as part of the "Criestus" clade. In our analyses, both CAD and ArgK demonstrated phylogenetic utility across varying nodal depths. Despite the selection of genes with signals at complementary phylogenetic depths, the data set used herein did not resolve the phylogeny of Xylosandrus and related genera. Since the taxon sample available for molecular work represents only a fraction of Xylosandrus species, a complete revision that combines molecular and morphological data in a total evidence approach is recommended for the genus. [copyright] 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Amasa, Anisandrus, Cnestus, Euwallaeea, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {1055-7903},
	author = {Dole, Stephanie A. and Jordal, Bjarte H. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10740,
	title = {Phylogenetic revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborina)},
	journal = {Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {61},
	number = {7-18},
	year = {2010},
	month = {September 15},
	pages = {451-545},
	abstract = {A phylogenetic revision of the xyleborine genus Xylosandrus Reitter based on morphological and molecular data sets is presented. The monophyly of the genus was tested using a 43 character morphological data set analyzed separately and in combination with a molecular data set comprised of five independent gene loci: 28S rDNA; the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI); and the nuclear protein-coding genes arginine kinase (ArgK), CAD (rudimentary), and elongation factor 1-[alpha] (EF-l[alpha]). Xylosandrus was recovered as polyphyletic with the present classification containing species from four other genera: Amasa Lea, Anisandrus Ferrari, Cnestus Sampson, Euwallaeea Hopkins, as well as Xylosandrus. A taxonomic revision of Xylosandrus is presented based on these results. The following new combinations are given: Amasa cylindrotomicus (Schedl), A. omissus (Schedl), A. oralis (Schedl), Anisandrus butamali (Beeson), A. ursa (Eggers), A. ursinus (Hagedorn), A. ursulus (Eggers), Cnestus ater (Eggers), C. fijianus (Schedl), C. gravidus (Blandford), C. improcerus (Sampson), C. laticeps (Wood), C. mutilatus (Blandford), C. orbiculatus (Schedl), C. peruanus (Wood), C. retifer (Wood), C. retusus (Eichhoff), C. testudo (Eggers), Cyclorhipidion squamulatum (Beaver and Loyttyniemi) all listed in Xylosandrus by Wood and Bright (1992); Xylosandrus amputatus (Blandford) and X. mixtus (Schedl) are transferred from Amasa, X. russulus (Schedel) from Euwallacea, and X. rotundicollis (Browne) from Xyleborus Eichhoff. Two new species of Xylosandrus are described: X. borneensis and X. hulcri. An illustrated key to species of Xylosandrus worldwide is provided.},
	keywords = {Amasa, Anisandrus, Cnestus, Euwallaeea, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {0068-547X},
	author = {Dole, Stephanie A. and Cognato, Anthony I.}
}
@article {10731,
	title = {A review of the Australian species of Xylosandrus Reitter (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {62},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	month = {December},
	pages = {481-492},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Three new species of the xyleborine ambrosia beetle genus Xylosandrus Reitter are described from Queensland, Australia: X. monteithi, X. queenslandi, X. woodi. Xylosandrus discolor (Blandford) is recorded for the first time from Australia. The following new combinations are given: Cnestus pseudosolidus (Schedl), Cnestus solidus (Eichhoff). These 2 species, originally described in Xyleborus, were included in Xylosandrus by Wood and Bright (1992) and are here transferred to Cnestus. A key to the six Xylosandrus species known to occur in Australia, and two that are likely to be imported, is provided. Notes are given on the distribution, host trees and economic importance of the Australian species.},
	keywords = {Cnestus pseudosolidus, Cnestus solidus, Xylosandrus, Xylosandrus abruptulus, Xylosandrus discolor, Xylosandrus monteithi, Xylosandrus morigerus, Xylosandrus queenslandi, Xylosandrus woodi},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Dole, Stephanie A. and Beaver, Roger A.}
}
@article {10075,
	title = {Phylogeny of haplo-diploid, fungus-growing ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) inferred from molecular and morphological data},
	journal = {Zoologica Scripta},
	volume = {40},
	number = {2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {March},
	pages = {174-186},
	abstract = {The ambrosia beetle tribe Xyleborini currently contains 30 genera and approximately 1200 species which are distributed throughout worldwide forests with most diversity located in the tropics. They also represent the most invasive scolytines in North America. Despite economic concerns and biological curiosity with this group, a comprehensive understanding of generic boundaries and the evolutionary relationship among species is lacking. In this study, we include 155 xyleborine species representing 23 genera in parsimony and Bayesian analyses using 3925 nucleotides from mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear genomes (28S, ArgK, CAD, EF-1a) and 39 morphological characters. The phylogenies resulting from the parsimony analyses, which treated gap positions either as missing or fifth character states, and the Bayesian analysis were generally similar. Clades with high support or posterior probabilities were found in all trees, while those with low support were not recovered by all analyses. Fourteen of the 23 genera were monophyletic although not all relationships among the genera were resolved. We show monophyly of several species groups associated with particular morphological and biological characters and suggest recognition of these groups as genera. Most interesting was the monophyly of South and Central American species representing several genera. This finding suggests recent and fast radiation of xyleborines in the New World accompanied by morphological and biological diversification.},
	keywords = {Xyleborini},
	isbn = {0300-3256},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Hulcr, Jiri and Dole, Stephanie A. and Jordal, Bjarte H.}
}
@article {10077,
	title = {New exotic ambrosia beetles found in Hawaii (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborina)},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {62},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {September},
	pages = {421-424},
	type = {Article},
	keywords = {Xyleborina, Xyleborinus andrewesi, Xylosandrus germanus, Xylosandrus morigerus},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Cognato, Anthony I. and Rubinoff, Daniel}
}
@article {9284,
	title = {A review of the ambrosia beetle genus Cryptoxyleborus Schedl (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {62},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {March},
	pages = {133-153},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The species of the Oriental and Papuasian genus Cryptoxyleborus Schedl in the Scolytine tribe Xyleborini are reviewed. Two new species, C. cuneatus and C. mawdsleyi are described from Brunei Darussalam. The following new synonymy is proposed: Cryptoxyleborus oxyurus Schedl (= Cryptoxyleborus shoreae Browne syn.n.), Cryptoxyleborus vestigator (Schedl) (=Platypus goilalae Schedl syn.n.). The following new combinations are given: Cryptoxyleborus acutus (Schedl) comb.n., Cryptoxyleborus percuneolus (Schedl) comb.n., both from Xyleborus; Microperus nanus (Browne) comb.n. from Cryptoxyleborus. A lectotype is designated for C. percuneolus, and the previously unknown male is described. A key is given to 18 species currently included in the genus, and new distributional records for many species. All species of Cryptoxyleborus are ambrosia beetles associated with dead or dying trees of the family Dipterocarpaceae, but are not of significant economic importance.},
	keywords = {Cryptoxyleborus, Cryptoxyleborus acutus, Cryptoxyleborus cuneatus, Cryptoxyleborus mawdsleyi, Cryptoxyleborus oxyurus, Cryptoxyleborus percuneolus, Cryptoxyleborus vestigator, Microperus nanus},
	isbn = {0010-065X},
	author = {Beaver, Roger A. and Hulcr, Jiri}
}
@inbook {9030,
	title = {Distribution maps of pests. Series A},
	booktitle = {Distribution maps of pests. Series A.},
	year = {1975},
	note = {Book},
	pages = {280-294},
	publisher = {Commonwealth lnstitute of Entomology, London.},
	organization = {Commonwealth lnstitute of Entomology, London.},
	keywords = {Rhabdoscelus obscurus, Xylosandrus morigerus, Zoogeography},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR11200000049},
	author = {Anonymous}
}
@article {6076,
	title = {Insect attack in fire-damages plantation trees at Bulolo in Papua New Guinea},
	journal = {Journal of the Australian Entomological Society},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1973},
	pages = {371-382},
	keywords = {Aesiotes, Diapus, Illacuris, Sympiezoscelis, Xyleborus},
	author = {Wylie, F.R. and Shanahan, P.J.}
}
@article {5613,
	title = {Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera)},
	journal = {Zookeys},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {253-267},
	abstract = {Strongly female-biased sex ratios are typical for the fungal feeding haplodiploid Xyleborini (Scolytinae, Coleoptera), and are a result of inbreeding and local mate competition (LMC). These ambrosia beetles are hardly ever found outside of trees, and thus male frequency and behavior have not been addressed in any empirical studies to date. In fact, for most species the males remain undescribed. Data on sex ratios and male behavior could, however, provide important insights into the Xyleborini{\textquoteright}s mating system and the evolution of inbreeding and LMC in general. In this study, I used in vitro rearing methods to obtain the first observational data on sex ratio, male production, male and female dispersal, and mating behavior in a xyleborine ambrosia beetle. Females of Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg produced between 0 and 3 sons per brood, and the absence of males was relatively independent of the number of daughters to be fertilized and the maternal brood sex ratio. Both conformed to a strict LMC strategy with a relatively precise and constant number of males. If males were present they eclosed just before the first females dispersed, and stayed in the gallery until all female offspring had matured. They constantly wandered through the gallery system, presumably in search of unfertilized females, and attempted to mate with larvae, other males, and females of all ages. Copulations, however, only occurred with immature females. From galleries with males, nearly all females dispersed fertilized. Only a few left the natal gallery without being fertilized, and subsequently went on to produce large and solely male broods. If broods were male-less, dispersing females always failed to found new galleries.},
	keywords = {Xyleborini},
	url = {http://pensoftonline.net/zookeys/index.php/journal/issue/view/58},
	author = {Biedermann, Peter H. W.}
}
@article {5573,
	title = {Taxonomic changes in palaeotropical Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Zookeys},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {105-119},
	abstract = {Following the recent reclassification of the Palaeotropic xyleborine genera (Hulcr \& Cognato 2010), additional species are transferred to correct genera or synonymized based on analysis of their morphological characters. The following species are given new combinations: Debus amphicranoides (Hagedorn), comb. n., Debus birmanus (Eggers, 1930), comb. n., Debus dolosus (Blandford, 1896), comb. n., Debus eximius (Schedl, 1970), comb. n., Debus interponens (Schedl, 1954), comb. n., Debus robustipennis (Schedl, 1954), comb. n., Debus spinatus (Eggers, 1923), comb. n., Microperus alpha (Beeson, 1929), comb. n., Microperus corporaali (Eggers), comb. n., Microperus eucalyptica (Schedl, 1938), comb. n., Microperus nugax (Schedl, 1939), comb. n., Pseudowebbia percorthylus (Schedl, 1935), comb. n., Truncaudum circumcinctus (Schedl, 1941), comb. n. The following species are synonymized: Arixyleborus hirtipennis (Eggers), syn. n., with Arixyleborus puberulus (Blandford); Coptoborus palmeri (Hopkins), syn. n., with Debus emarginatus (Eichhoff ); Coptoborus terminaliae (Hopkins), syn. n., with Debus emarginatus (Eichhoff ); Cyclorhipidion polyodon (Eggers), syn. n., with Truncaudum agnatum (Eggers); Euwallacea artelaevis (Schedl), syn. n., with Planiculus bicolor (Blandford); Xyleborinus perminutissimus (Schedl), syn. n., with Xyleborinus perpusillus (Eggers); Xyleborus exesus Blandford, syn. n., with Debus emarginatus (Eichhoff ); Xyleborus fulvulus (Schedl), syn. n., with Microperus corporaali (Eggers); Xyleborus marginicollis (Schedl), syn. n., with Diuncus justus (Schedl); Xyleborus shoreae Stebbing, syn. n., with Debus fallax (Eichhoff ). The following species are given new status: Streptocranus superbus (Schedl, 1951), restored name; Webbia divisus Browne, 1972, restored name; Webbia penicillatus (Hagedorn, 1910), restored name. Genus Taphrodasus Wood (1980) is declared not valid.},
	keywords = {Arixyleborus hirtipennis, Arixyleborus puberulus, Coptoborus palmeri, Coptoborus terminaliae, Cyclorhipidion polyodon, Debus amphicranoides, Debus birmanus, Debus dolosus, Debus emarginatus, Debus eximius, Debus fallax, Debus interponens, Debus robustipennis, Debus spinatus, Diuncus justus, Euwallacea artelaevis, Microperus alpha, Microperus corporaali, Microperus eucalyptica, Microperus nugax, Planiculus bicolor, Pseudowebbia percorthylus, Streptocranus superbus, Taphrodasus, Truncaudum agnatum, Truncaudum circumcinctus, Webbia divisus, Webbia penicillatus, Xyleborinus perminutissimus, Xyleborinus perpusillus, Xyleborus exesus, Xyleborus fulvulus, Xyleborus marginicollis, Xyleborus shoreae},
	url = {http://pensoftonline.net/zookeys/index.php/journal/issue/view/58},
	author = {Hulcr, Jiri}
}
@article {5395,
	title = {Beetles of the subfamily Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feeding on fruit trees: a literature review},
	journal = {Elateridarium},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010},
	pages = {1-32},
	abstract = {The aim of this review was processing and ordinating the knowledge about species of the subfamily Scolytinae feeding on fruit trees in Czech Republic. In Czech Republic dominate four species from two genera. Two species are phloeophagous from genus Scolytus [long dash] S. mali and S. rugulosus. Another two species are xylomycetophagous from genus Xyleborus [long dash] X. dispar and X. saxeseni. Their most attractive host trees are from family Rosaceae. The woodborers also usually invaded most of the broad leaf tree from other families. The main idea of this paper was to elaborate their ecology [long dash] evolution, phenology, number of generations, galleries determination, distribution area, nutrition and symbiotic fungi, predators and parasites etc. Whole should describe their ecological preference to wood plants and should be usable for the study of these beetles.},
	keywords = {Xyleborus},
	isbn = {1802-4858},
	url = {http://www.elateridae.com/elateridarium/index.php?numb=5},
	author = {Horakova, Jana and Horak, Jakub}
}
@book {5221,
	title = {ENTOMOLOGY - A Textbook for Students, Agriculturalists and Foresters in Papua New Guinea},
	series = {Bulolo University College; Training Manual No 19},
	year = {1999},
	note = {for online key and information see http://www.fzi.uni-freiburg.de/InsectPestKey-long\%20version/page2.htm},
	pages = {312 pp., 11 colour plates},
	publisher = {Bulolo University College},
	organization = {Bulolo University College},
	keywords = {Aesiotes, Crossotarsus, Diapus, Hylurgdectonus, Illacuris, Illacuris laticollis, Orthorhinus, Orthorhinus patruelis, Platypus, Sympiezoscelus, Vanapa, Vanapa oberthuri, Xyleborus},
	isbn = {9980-85-259-3},
	url = {http://www.fzi.uni-freiburg.de/InsectPestKey-long\%20version/info.htm},
	author = {Schneider, M.}
}
@article {5135,
	title = {First record of Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff from Europe, with an illustrated key to the European Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1772},
	year = {2008},
	month = {19 May},
	pages = {55-62},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff, an ambrosia beetle of Asian origin, is reported for the first time from Europe, based on a series of females collected in northern Italy in April 2007 and 2008 in funnel traps baited with ethanol. A diagnosis of the species and a revised key to the genera and species of Xyleborini occurring in Europe is presented. An explanation is suggested for the large number of recent introductions of exotic ambrosia beetles into Europe.},
	keywords = {Xyleborini, Xyleborinus, Xyleborus, Xyleborus atratus, Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {1175-5326},
	url = {http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa},
	author = {Faccoli, Massimo}
}
@article {4938,
	title = {First record of the black twig borer Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from Europe},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {3251},
	year = {2012},
	month = {30 Mar},
	pages = {64-68},
	abstract = {During winter months and early spring 2011, we observed symptoms of scattered twig mortality in two historical woody urban parks of Campania (Southern Italy), at Portici (Parco Gussone: 40[degree]48[minute] N, 14[degree]20[minute] E) and Naples (Parco di Capodimonte: 40[degree]52[minute] N, 14[degree]15[minute] E). The woods consist of mature holm oaks (Quercus ilex) with an understorey of evergreen Mediterranean shrubs, natural regeneration of oak and several ornamental species. The examined dry terminals of holm oak, collected in late March 2011, hosted adult females of an ambrosia beetle of the genus Xylosandrus Reitter. Here, we report the first European record of the black twig borer (BTB) Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) reproducing on new host plants in Italy. Insect and twig sampling was conducted irregularly during spring and summer 2011. Infested twigs of different host plants were isolated in plastic tubes, new emerged or callow adults counted and sexed and other biological data recorded. Hundreds of specimens of BTB, (>700 females and 43 males) emerged from sampled twigs or were directly collected from reproductive galleries at both localities.},
	keywords = {Xylosandrus},
	isbn = {1175-5326; 1175-5334},
	url = {http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2012/3251.html},
	author = {Garonna, Antonio P. and Dole, Stephanie A. and Saracino, Antonio and Mazzoleni, Stefano and Cristinzio, Gennaro}
}
@article {2220,
	title = {A remarkable new species of Cyclorhipidion Hagedorn and  new records of bark and ambrosia beetles from Gabon (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae)},
	journal = {Entomologist{\textquoteright}s Monthly Magazine},
	volume = {141},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ORIG-Title-Journal-Volume-Combination:  A remarkable new species of Cyclorhipidion Hagedorn and  new records of bark and ambrosia beetles from Gabon (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae). Entomologist{\textquoteright}s Monthly Magazine 141 ReferenceLetter:  a.},
	pages = {113-119},
	author = {Beaver, R. A.}
}
