@article {15202,
	title = {The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, I: new records from New Brunswick},
	journal = {Canadian Entomologist},
	volume = {139},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May-June},
	pages = {378-396},
	abstract = {Seventy-seven species of weevils are newly reported in New Brunswick, increasing the known provincial fauna to 206 species. Trichapion nigrum (Herbst), Ceutorhynchus semirufus LeConte, and Listronotus laramiensis (Angell) are recorded for the first time in Canada. Three species, Bagous planatus LeConte, Plocamus hispidulus LeConte, and Dryocoetes granicollis (LeConte), are removed from the province{\textquoteright}s faunal list. Components of the fauna are discussed with a particular focus on the introduced species found in the province. Monitoring to detect changes of both native and introduced species is emphasized.},
	keywords = {Bagous planatus, Ceutorhynchus semirufus, Dryocoetes granicollis, Listronotus laramiensis, Plocamus hispidulus, Trichapion nigrum},
	isbn = {0008-347X},
	author = {Majka, Christopher G. and Anderson, Robert S. and McAlpine, Donald F. and Webster, Reginald P.}
}
@article {15204,
	title = {The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, II: new records from Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island and regional zoogeography},
	journal = {Canadian Entomologist},
	volume = {139},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May-June},
	pages = {397-442},
	abstract = {Seventy-nine species of weevils are newly reported in Nova Scotia and 66 species are newly reported on Prince Edward Island, increasing the known provincial weevil faunas to 244 and 92 species, respectively. Thirty-six species are recorded for the first time in the Maritime Provinces; of these, Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham), Listronotus dietzi O{\textquoteright}Brien, Corthylus columbianus Hopkins, and Orchidophilus aterrimus (Waterhouse) are recorded for the first time in Canada. Orchidophilus aterrimus has been collected only in exotic domesticated orchids and is not established in the wild. Fourteen species previously recorded on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, are reported from the provincial mainland. Four species - Curculio sulcatulus (Casey), Ceutorhynchus squamatus LeConte, Tachyerges niger (Horn), and Ips calligraphus (Germar) - are removed from the faunal list of Nova Scotia, and three species - Temnocerus cyanellus (LeConte), Curculio nasicus (Say), and Cryphalus ruficollis ruficollis Hopkins - are removed from the faunal list of Prince Edward Island. The combined known weevil fauna of the Maritime Provinces now totals 290 species. The adequacy of collection effort is discussed and in Nova Scotia, where collection effort has been greatest, distribution patterns of selected groups of species are examined. Island faunas are discussed with respect to those of Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton Island. Regional biogeographic patterns of species are also discussed, including possible disjunct populations in Nova Scotia and species that may not have crossed the isthmus of Chignecto to colonize Nova Scotia. Attention is drawn to the long history of introduced species in the region and to ongoing introductions through an examination of the earliest records for the 60 introduced species found in the region},
	keywords = {Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus, Ceutorhynchus squamatus, Corthylus columbianus, Cryphalus ruficollis ruficollis, Curculio nasicus, Curculio sulcatulus, Ips calligraphus, Listronotus dietzi, Orchidophilus aterrimus, Tachyerges niger, Temnocerus cyanellus},
	isbn = {0008-347X},
	author = {Majka, Christopher G. and Anderson, Robert S. and McCorquodale, David B.}
}
@article {14418,
	title = {The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, II: new records from Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island and regional zoogeography},
	journal = {Canadian Entomologist},
	volume = {139},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May-June},
	pages = {397-442},
	abstract = {Seventy-nine species of weevils are newly reported in Nova Scotia and 66 species are newly reported on Prince Edward Island, increasing the known provincial weevil faunas to 244 and 92 species, respectively. Thirty-six species are recorded for the first time in the Maritime Provinces; of these, Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham), Listronotus dietzi O{\textquoteright}Brien, Corthylus columbianus Hopkins, and Orchidophilus aterrimus (Waterhouse) are recorded for the first time in Canada. Orchidophilus aterrimus has been collected only in exotic domesticated orchids and is not established in the wild. Fourteen species previously recorded on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, are reported from the provincial mainland. Four species - Curculio sulcatulus (Casey), Ceutorhynchus squamatus LeConte, Tachyerges niger (Horn), and Ips calligraphus (Germar) - are removed from the faunal list of Nova Scotia, and three species - Temnocerus cyanellus (LeConte), Curculio nasicus (Say), and Cryphalus ruficollis ruficollis Hopkins - are removed from the faunal list of Prince Edward Island. The combined known weevil fauna of the Maritime Provinces now totals 290 species. The adequacy of collection effort is discussed and in Nova Scotia, where collection effort has been greatest, distribution patterns of selected groups of species are examined. Island faunas are discussed with respect to those of Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton Island. Regional biogeographic patterns of species are also discussed, including possible disjunct populations in Nova Scotia and species that may not have crossed the isthmus of Chignecto to colonize Nova Scotia. Attention is drawn to the long history of introduced species in the region and to ongoing introductions through an examination of the earliest records for the 60 introduced species found in the region},
	keywords = {Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus, Ceutorhynchus squamatus, Corthylus columbianus, Cryphalus ruficollis ruficollis, Curculio nasicus, Curculio sulcatulus, Ips calligraphus, Listronotus dietzi, Orchidophilus aterrimus, Tachyerges niger, Temnocerus cyanellus},
	isbn = {0008-347X},
	author = {Majka, Christopher G. and Anderson, Robert S. and McCorquodale, David B.}
}
@article {14411,
	title = {The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, I: new records from New Brunswick},
	journal = {Canadian Entomologist},
	volume = {139},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May-June},
	pages = {378-396},
	abstract = {Seventy-seven species of weevils are newly reported in New Brunswick, increasing the known provincial fauna to 206 species. Trichapion nigrum (Herbst), Ceutorhynchus semirufus LeConte, and Listronotus laramiensis (Angell) are recorded for the first time in Canada. Three species, Bagous planatus LeConte, Plocamus hispidulus LeConte, and Dryocoetes granicollis (LeConte), are removed from the province{\textquoteright}s faunal list. Components of the fauna are discussed with a particular focus on the introduced species found in the province. Monitoring to detect changes of both native and introduced species is emphasized.},
	keywords = {Bagous planatus, Ceutorhynchus semirufus, Dryocoetes granicollis, Listronotus laramiensis, Plocamus hispidulus, Trichapion nigrum},
	isbn = {0008-347X},
	author = {Majka, Christopher G. and Anderson, Robert S. and McAlpine, Donald F. and Webster, Reginald P.}
}
@article {11307,
	title = {Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis, Coleoptera: Curculionidae) population dynamics in Canterbury, New Zealand dryland pasture},
	journal = {Bulletin of Entomological Research},
	volume = {101},
	number = {3},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {295-303},
	abstract = {The Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis) was an economically important pest in New Zealand pastures until the release of the parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae. This contribution uses historical data to investigate the regulation of the pest populations prior to, and somewhat during, the establishment of this parasitoid in dryland Canterbury, New Zealand. Thus, a significant goal of this study is to provide an L. bonariensis population dynamics baseline for any future work that aims to analyse the full effects of M. hyperodae on the weevil, now that equilibrium with the weevil host has been reached. The population dynamics of L. bonariensis, based on a life-table approach, were investigated using data collected regularly for eight years from populations in Canterbury, New Zealand. The key factor affecting end-of-season L. bonariensis density was found to be variation in second generation fourth instar prepupal and pupal mortality. This may have been caused by arrested development and ongoing mortality resulting from the onset of cooler autumnal conditions. A compensatory response was found in recruitment to the second summer weevil generation, whereby the realised fecundity of the emergent first summer generation of weevils was found to be negatively related to the density of adult weevils per ryegrass tiller. This is the first time that this has been found via long-term population analysis of L. bonariensis, although indications of this have been found elsewhere in caging, pot and small plot experiments. In this study, the effect of the parasitoid biocontrol agent Microctonus hyperodae on L. bonariensis population dynamics was unclear, as the analysis covered a period when the parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae was introduced and still establishing. It does, however, raise important questions for future analysis in terms of the interaction between parasitism and unrealised fecundity. The results in this contribution also highlighted regional differences. Overwintering mortality of adult weevils in Canterbury was constant between years, whilst earlier studies in the North Island Waikato region indicated this mortality was density dependent. In addition, the availability of tillers in endophyte-free ryegrass pastures in Canterbury had no influence on egg and early-instar larval survival, which contrasts with the finding from endophytic Waikato pastures.},
	keywords = {Listronotus bonariensis},
	isbn = {0007-4853},
	author = {Goldson, S.L. and Barron, M. C. and Kean, J. M. and van Koten, C.}
}
@article {10690,
	title = {Patterns of variation in the seasonal dynamics of Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) populations on golf course turf},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {37},
	number = {6},
	year = {2008},
	month = {December},
	pages = {1438-1450},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Listronotus nuiculicollis (Kirby) is a burgeoning pest of Poa annua L. in the northeast United States. To develop an understanding of its spatial and temporal association with golf course landscapes, we described the patterns of variation in certain population parameters across site (Fayetteville and Ithaca, NY), year (2004-2006), curd management habitat (fairway, intermediate rough, rough). In weekly surveys along fairway transects, we sampled larvae (identified to instar) by soil core extraction and adults (identified to sex and maturation) by hand collection. Five instars were confirmed based on head capsule width measurements; there was no overlap among instars. Sex ratio was significantly male-skewed on the rough versus the fairway. Insect load, a measure of population size based on cumulative insect-days, varied from 3.0- to 18.5-fold across sites and years and averaged 8.7- and 8.0-fold greater on the fairway than rough for larvae and adults, respectively. Visual assessment of stage-specific population fluctuation curves revealed no divergence in adult males and females i.e., no evidence of protandry. Variation was greater by year than by site in terms of overall shape of the fluctuation curves, relative abundance of overwintered to spring and summer adults, population synchrony, and number of generations (two to three). Evidence of bimodal spring generations showed that early season population synchrony may be linked to the pattern of adults transitioning from overwintering to developmental habitats. The magnitude of variation in population dynamics underscores the relevance of decision-making strategies and has implications for improving both the spatial and temporal targeting of intervention tactics.},
	keywords = {Listronotus maculicollis},
	isbn = {0046-225X},
	author = {Diaz, Maria Derval C. and Seto, Masanori and Peck, Daniel C.}
}
@article {8472,
	title = {Behavioral and Electrophysiological Responses of Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Volatiles From Intact and Mechanically Damaged Annual Bluegrass},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {40},
	number = {2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {412-419},
	abstract = {Listronotus maculicollis Kirby is a highly destructive pest of low mown, cool-season turfgrasses in the northeastern United States and Canada. Behavioral and electrophysiological assays were conducted to identify compounds that may be useful in developing novel monitoring techniques. In Y-tube assays, males and females responded differently to volatiles from intact and clipped annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.). Females were significantly attracted to intact P. annua but repelled from clippings; males did not respond significantly to either treatment. Electroantennogram (EAG) recordings from both sexes showed a significant response to volatiles from both treatments. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 12 volatile compounds from P. annua of which nine were common to both intact plants and clippings. On average, seven-fold higher quantities of volatiles were collected from clippings than from intact plants (24.3 versus 3.4 ng/g of tissue/h). Eight compounds were released in significantly greater quantities from clippings of which 50\% were the n-C6 compounds hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, commonly referred to as "green leaf volatiles" (GLVs). Only octanal was emitted in greater amounts from intact plants than clippings. These nine compounds were tested individually against male and female antennae. Both sexes displayed greatest sensitivity to nonanal, octanal, and (E)-2-hexenal, but a significant dose-D response relationship was observed with all compounds tested. These studies indicate that both sexes respond physiologically and that L. maculicollis females exhibit behavioral responses to host-plant volatiles. Future studies will need to assess the effects of individual compounds and component mixtures on L. maculicollis behavior in the field.},
	keywords = {Listronotus maculicollis},
	isbn = {0046-225X},
	author = {McGraw, Benjamin A. and Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar and Holdcraft, Robert and Szendrei, Zsofia and Koppenhoefer, Albrecht M.}
}
@article {8473,
	title = {Spatial distribution of colonizing Listronotus maculicollis populations: implications for targeted management and host preference},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Entomology},
	volume = {134},
	number = {4},
	year = {2010},
	month = {May},
	pages = {275-284},
	abstract = {We characterized the spatio-temporal distribution of emerging overwintered adult Listronotus maculicollis populations colonizing golf course fairways with Spatial Analyses by Distance IndicEs (SADIE) with the goal to better target management tactics and to test assumptions for weevil preference for annual bluegrass (Poa annua). Adults randomly colonized and moved throughout fairways. However, cumulative captures were significantly aggregated along fairway edges closest to overwintering sites demonstrating progressive movement through the edges. Spatial association analyses suggest that the spatial patterns of cumulative captures of adults rather than weekly patterns were strongly associated with larvae, indicating that the adults enter fairways from the edges and deposit eggs over the course of several weeks. We did not observe an effect of host species on the distribution of either adult or larval L. maculicollis which leads us to question traditional assumptions of host preference for short mown P. annua. Instead, we propose that the aggregated distribution of larvae is generated by a low encounter rate of short mown hosts, rather than preference for species or cultivar. This study indicates that caution need to be applied when using preference-performance criteria in host preference studies. Future behavioural studies need to address the contributions of encounter rate and host species on L. maculicollis host selection and oviposition.},
	keywords = {Listronotus maculicollis},
	isbn = {0931-2048},
	author = {McGraw, B. A. and Koppenhoefer, A. M.}
}
@article {8474,
	title = {Population dynamics and interactions between endemic entomopathogenic nematodes and annual bluegrass weevil populations in golf course turfgrass},
	journal = {Applied Soil Ecology},
	volume = {41},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {January},
	pages = {77-89},
	abstract = {Entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) (EPNs) are generalist obligate pathogens present in the soil of most ecosystems. They have the potential to infect a broad host range, yet the potential for endemic EPNs to regulate soil-dwelling insect populations has received limited attention. We investigated the population dynamics of endemic EPNs to determine their ability to regulate annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) populations, a major pest of turfgrass in the northeastern United States. Weekly sampling of nematode and L. maculicollis populations was conducted in untreated fairway transects on three golf courses in New Jersey between April and October of 2006 and 2007. Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora were found infecting all weevil stages from third instar to teneral adults. Both EPN species exhibited a distinct seasonality, appearing in high densities in the weeks immediately following high densities of first generation weevils in the soil. A positive temporal relationship was observed between densities of EPN-infected weevils and weevil stages between third instar and pupa, but L. maculicollis generational mortality due to EPN infection was highly variable between years and sites, ranging between 0 and 50\%. Although infection densities and larval densities were positively correlated, per capita mortality did not increase with increased weevil densities. EPN distribution dynamically cycled between aggregated and uniform throughout the season across fairways. Few significant relationships were found to support the hypothesis that weevil spatial dispersion influences EPN spatial dispersion. The variability in EPN seasonal occurrence and generational impact on L. maculicollis together with the lack of spatial association with L. maculicollis suggest an inability of endemic EPN populations to reliably regulate weevil populations on golf course fairways.},
	keywords = {Listronotus maculicollis},
	isbn = {0929-1393},
	author = {McGraw, Benjamin A. and Koppenhoefer, Albrecht M.}
}
@article {8475,
	title = {Development of Binomial Sequential Sampling Plans for Forecasting Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae Based on the Relationship to Adult Counts and Turfgrass Damage},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology},
	volume = {102},
	number = {3},
	year = {2009},
	month = {June},
	pages = {1325-1335},
	abstract = {Binomial sequential sampling plans were developed to forecast weevil Listronotus maculicollis Kirby (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), larval damage to golf course turfgrass and aid in the development of integrated pest management programs for the weevil. Populations of emerging overwintered adults were sampled over a 2-yr period to determine the relationship between adult counts, larval density, and turfgrass damage. Larval density and composition of preferred host plants (Poa annua L.) significantly affected the expression of turfgrass damage. Multiple regression indicates that damage may occur in moderately mixed P. annua stands with as few as 10 larvae per 0.09 m2. However, >150 larvae were required before damage became apparent in pure Agrostis stolonifera L. plots. Adult counts during peaks in emergence as well as cumulative counts across the emergence period were significantly correlated to future densities of larvae. Eight binomial sequential sampling plans based on two tally thresholds for classifying infestation (T = 1 and two adults) and four adult density thresholds (0.5, 0.85, 1.15, and 1.35 per 3.34 m2) were developed to forecast the likelihood of turfgrass damage by using adult counts during peak emergence. Resampling for validation of sample plans software was used to validate sampling plans with field-collected data sets. All sampling plans were found to deliver accurate classifications (correct decisions were made between 84.4 and 96.8\%) in a practical timeframe (average sampling cost <22.7 min).},
	keywords = {Listronotus maculicollis},
	isbn = {0022-0493},
	author = {McGraw, Benjamin A. and Koppenhoefer, Albrecht M.}
}
@article {8465,
	title = {Suitability of Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) as a host for Microctonus hyperodae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology},
	volume = {92},
	number = {6},
	year = {1999},
	month = {December},
	pages = {1292-1300},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Microctonus hyperodae Loan is an effective parasitoid against Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) in New Zealand. To determine the potential for M. hyperodae as a biological control agent for L. maculicollis Dietz, live specimens were imported to a quarantine facility in New Zealand. A series of experiments examined the suitability of 3 South American geographic populations (ecotypes) of M. hyperodae in terms of parasitism rates, prepupal emergence, and development times compared with the natural host, L. bonariensis. Limited development occurred in L. maculicollis by all 3 ecotypes, but parasitism rate was significantly lower than in L. bonariensis. Comparison with a related parasitoid showed higher rates of prepupal emergence from L. maculicollis for M. aethiopoides Loan than for M. hyperodae. The presence of annual bluegrass, Poa annua, in the test arena and prior experience on L. maculicollis increased parasitism rate significantly when a combination of L. maculicollis and L. bonariensis were exposed to M. hyperodae. The low rate of successful prepupal emergence by M. hyperodae in L. maculicollis was attributed in part to a physiological response by L. maculicollis which led to encapsulation of the developing parasitoid egg and larva. Based on these results, M. hyperodae probably would not be a suitable biological control agent of L. maculicollis in the United States because of the low rates of parasitism observed under laboratory conditions and delayed development times compared with those in the natural host, L. bonariensis. M. aethiopoides is more successful in parasitizing and developing in L. maculicollis, but this parasitoid also exhibited significantly lower levels of parasitism compared with L. bonariensis, although development times were comparable. Furthermore, M. aethiopoides used in these trials probably originated in North Africa and may not be suited to a northeastern United States climate.},
	keywords = {Listronotus bonariensis, Listronotus maculicollis},
	isbn = {0022-0493},
	author = {McNeill, Mark R. and Vittum, Patricia J. and Baird, David B.}
}
@article {8045,
	title = {Hyperodes, new synonym of Listronotus with a checklist of Latin American species (Cylindrorhinae: Curculionidae: Coleoptera)},
	journal = {Southwestern Entomologist},
	volume = {4},
	number = {4},
	year = {1979},
	pages = {265-268},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Hyperodes Jekel is placed in synonymy with Listronotus Jekel. Included is a review of previously published generic characters, with specific examples of intermediate character states, which support this synonymy. H. rotundicollis Dietz, a homonym resulting from this synonymy, is renamed L. dietzi nom. nov. A checklist of Latin American species of Listronotus is presented, including all synonyms, homonyms, original generic designations (if not Listronotus) and currently known distributions.},
	keywords = {Listronotus, Listronotus dietzi},
	isbn = {0147-1724},
	author = {Charles W. O{\textquoteright}Brien}
}
@article {8022,
	title = {The larger (4.5+mm.) Listronotus of America, north of Mexico (Cylindrorhininae, Curculionidae, Coleoptera)},
	journal = {Transactions of the American Entomological Society (Philadelphia)},
	volume = {107},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1981},
	pages = {69-123},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The 46 spp. of Listronotus in America north of Mexico that usually are larger than 4.5 mm are treated. Fifteen new species are described: L. arizonicus, L. borrichiae, L. burkei, L. conabilis, L. crypticus, L. elegantulus, L. fasciatus, L. marshalli, L. neocallosus, L. pallidus, L. pseudosetosus, L. rubtzoffi, L. salicorniae, L. suturalis and L. turbatus. Three species are newly placed in synonymy with L. punctiger LeConte, L. bagoiformis Champion, L. gracilis LeConte and L. leechi Sleeper. A description of the genus and a key to 46 spp. are included. Host data and biological information are presented where known. For each new species and those not treated in Henderson{\textquoteright}s (1940) monograph, there is a description, geographical distribution and illustrations of parts of the male and female genitalia. The swimming behavior of 14 spp. is described.},
	keywords = {Listronotus, Listronotus arizonicus, Listronotus borrichiae, Listronotus burkei, Listronotus conabilis, Listronotus crypticus, Listronotus cryptops, Listronotus echinodori, Listronotus elegantulus, Listronotus fasciatus, Listronotus grypidioides, Listronotus laramiensis., Listronotus marshalli, Listronotus neocallosus, Listronotus nevadicus, Listronotus pallidus, Listronotus pseudosetosus, Listronotus punctiger, Listronotus rubtzoffi, Listronotus salicorniae, Listronotus suturalis, Listronotus teretirostris, Listronotus turbatus},
	isbn = {0002-8320},
	author = {Charles W. O{\textquoteright}Brien}
}
