02235nas a2200229   4500008004100000020001400041245011600055210006900171260000800240300001200248490000700260520141800267653002701685653002801712100001601740700002101756700001901777700002801796700002201824700002401846856013501870       2011                        eng d  a0095-362800aPresence and Diversity of Streptomyces in Dendroctonus and Sympatric Bark Beetle Galleries Across North America0 aPresence and Diversity of Streptomyces in Dendroctonus and Sympa  cMay  a759-7680 v613 aRecent studies have revealed several examples of intimate associations between insects and Actinobacteria, including the Southern Pine Beetle Dendroctonus frontalis and the Spruce Beetle Dendroctonus rufipennis. Here, we surveyed Streptomyces Actinobacteria co-occurring with 10 species of Dendroctonus bark beetles across the United States, using both phylogenetic and community ecology approaches. From these 10 species, and 19 other scolytine beetles that occur in the same trees, we obtained 154 Streptomyces-like isolates and generated 16S sequences from 134 of those. Confirmed 16S sequences of Streptomyces were binned into 36 distinct strains using a threshold of 0.2% sequence divergence. The 16S rDNA phylogeny of all isolates does not correlate with the distribution of strains among beetle species, localities, or parts of the beetles or their galleries. However, we identified three Streptomyces strains occurring repeatedly on Dendroctonus beetles and in their galleries. Identity of these isolates was corroborated using a house-keeping gene sequence (efTu). These strains are not confined to a certain species of beetle, locality, or part of the beetle or their galleries. However, their role as residents in the woodboring insect niche is supported by the repeated association of their 16S and efTu from across the continent, and also having been reported in studies of other subcortical insects.10aDendroctonus frontalis10aDendroctonus rufipennis1 aHulcr, Jiri1 aAdams, Aaron, S.1 aRaffa, Kenneth1 aHofstetter, Richard, W.1 aKlepzig, Kier, D.1 aCurrie, Cameron, R.  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/presence-and-diversity-streptomyces-dendroctonus-and-sympatric-bark-beetle-galleries-across-north-am01831nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001400041245010200055210006900157260001000226300001100236490000800247520105900255653002801314653002801342653003001370653002801400653002401428100002401452700001801476856011901494       2009                        eng d  a0363-622400aSemiochemical sabotage: behavioral chemicals for protection of western conifers from bark beetles0 aSemiochemical sabotage behavioral chemicals for protection of we  cApril  a85-1090 v7843 aThe discovery and elucidation of volatile behavioral chemicals used by bark beetles to locate hosts and mates has revealed a rich potential for humans to sabotage beetle host-finding and reproduction. Here, we present a description of currently available semiochemical methods for use in monitoring and controlling bark beetle pests in western conifer forests. Delivery systems include hand-applied methods, such as semiochemical-releasing bubblecaps, pouches, and "puffers," as well as products that can be applied by aircraft such as semiochemical-releasing flakes. Descriptions of both attractant-based ("pull") and anti-attractant-based ("push") strategies are provided. Examples are provided for the major bark beetle pests in western North America, including the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins), western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte), the Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins), the spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)), and the red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens LeConte),.10aDendroctonus brevicomis10aDendroctonus ponderosae10aDendroctonus pseudotsugae10aDendroctonus rufipennis10aDendroctonus valens1 aGillette, Nancy, E.1 aMunson, Steve  uhttps://weevil.myspecies.info/semiochemical-sabotage-behavioral-chemicals-protection-western-conifers-bark-beetles